delete noprompt obsolete archive log - RMAN

RMAN> report obsolete;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Archive Log          183    16-FEB-16          /u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_140_896707677.arc
Archive Log          189    16-FEB-16          /u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_141_896707677.arc
Archive Log          190    16-FEB-16          /u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_145_896707677.arc
Archive Log          191    16-FEB-16        

RMAN> delete noprompt obsolete;

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 1
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=32 device type=DISK
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type                 Key    Completion Time    Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Archive Log          183    16-FEB-16          /u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_140_896707677.arc
Archive Log          189    16-FEB-16          /u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_141_896707677.arc
Archive Log          190    16-FEB-16          /u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_145_896707677.arc
Archive Log          191    16-FEB-16          
    
deleted archived log
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_140_896707677.arc RECID=183 STAMP=903955885
deleted archived log
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_141_896707677.arc RECID=189 STAMP=903956192
deleted archived log
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_145_896707677.arc RECID=190 STAMP=903956192
deleted archived log
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oraarch/ORCLSTB1_1_148_896707677.arc RECID=191 STAMP=903956192

Deleted 4 objects

Restore and recover database from RMAN backup - DB in No archive log mode

Simple example for restore and recover database from RMAN backup.

Assuming that : I have a need to restore my DB as some important tables/data was dropped/removed and its really mission critical. I have already got some RMAN backups from past.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1728053248 bytes
Fixed Size                  3046512 bytes
Variable Size            1224737680 bytes
Database Buffers          486539264 bytes
Redo Buffers               13729792 bytes
Database mounted.

C:\Users\oracle>rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Fri Feb 19 12:46:12 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCLDB (DBID=1196XXXX70)

RMAN> list backup summary;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backups
===============
Key     TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
20      B  F  A DISK        05-FEB-15       1       1       NO         TAG20160205T155541
21      B  F  A DISK        05-FEB-15       1       1       YES        FULL_ORCLDB
22      B  F  A DISK        05-FEB-15       1       1       YES        FULL_ORCLDB
23      B  F  A DISK        05-FEB-15       1       1       YES        FULL_ORCLDB
24      B  F  A DISK        05-FEB-15       1       1       NO         TAG20160205T160507


RMAN> restore database from TAG='FULL_ORCLDB';

Starting restore at 19-FEB-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to E:\APP\ORADATA\ORCLDB\UNDOTBS01.DBF
:
:
:
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00119 to E:\APP\ORADATA\TLAPP.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece E:\APP\BACKUP\ORCLDB_BKP_0UQT63BQ_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=E:\APP\BACKUP\ORCLDB_BKP_0UQT63BQ_1_1 tag=FULL_ORCLDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:03:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
:
:
:
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00120 to E:\APP\ORADATA\TLLARGE.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00121 to E:\APP\ORADATA\TLWORK.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00122 to E:\APP\ORADATA\WAAPP.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00123 to E:\APP\ORADATA\ORCLDB\PSMATVW.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece E:\APP\BACKUP\ORCLDB_BKP_0VQT63ER_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=E:\APP\BACKUP\ORCLDB_BKP_0VQT63ER_1_1 tag=FULL_ORCLDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:04:36
Finished restore at 19-FEB-15

Now lets try opening DB (I know it wont work but lets try..)

SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 1: 'E:\APP\ORADATA\ORCLDB\SYSTEM01.DBF'

Now lets Recover DB

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 19-FEB-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3390 is already on disk as file E:\APP\ORADATA\ORCLDB\REDO03.LOG
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3391 is already on disk as file E:\APP\ORADATA\ORCLDB\REDO01.LOG
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3392 is already on disk as file E:\APP\ORADATA\ORCLDB\REDO02.LOG
RMAN-08187: WARNING: media recovery until SCN 69107847 complete
Finished recover at 19-FEB-15



SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open


SQL>

We must open the database in open resetlogs mode. in order for recover to be completed. (WE CAN DO OPEN RESET LOGS FROM RMAN or SQLPLUS PROMPT)

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

Statement processed

RMAN> exit


Recovery Manager complete.

C:\Users\oracle>

database switch over using dgmgrl

Perform a switch over test:


ON PRIMARY DB SERVER :

SQL> select name,open_mode,db_unique_name ,DATABASE_ROLE from v$database;

NAME  OPEN_MODE       DB_UNIQUE_NAME      DATABASE_ROLE
--------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ----------------
ORCL  READ WRITE       ORCL      PRIM

ON STANDBY DB SERVER :

SQL> select name,open_mode,db_unique_name ,DATABASE_ROLE from v$database;

NAME  OPEN_MODE       DB_UNIQUE_NAME      DATABASE_ROLE
--------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ----------------
ORCL  MOUNTED       ORCLSTB1      PHYSICAL STANDBY


LETS CONNECT TO DGMGRL AND SWITCH OVER ROLES

DGMGRL> switchover to 'ORCLSTB1';
Performing switchover NOW, please wait...
Operation requires a connection to instance "ORCLSTB1" on database "ORCLSTB1"
Connecting to instance "ORCLSTB1"...
Connected.
New primary database "ORCLSTB1" is opening...
Operation requires startup of instance "ORCLPRIM" on database "ORCL"
Starting instance "ORCLPRIM"...
Unable to connect to database
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor

Failed.
Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.

Please complete the following steps to finish switchover:
start up and mount instance "ORCLPRIM" of database "ORCL"


ON OLD PRIMARY DB SERVER (ORCL) :

I have to start it manually coz dgmgrl was unable to connect to lsnr after role transfer.

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  885211136 bytes
Fixed Size    2258320 bytes
Variable Size  566233712 bytes
Database Buffers  310378496 bytes
Redo Buffers    6340608 bytes
Database mounted

SQL> select name,open_mode,db_unique_name ,DATABASE_ROLE from v$database;

NAME  OPEN_MODE       DB_UNIQUE_NAME      DATABASE_ROLE
--------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ----------------
ORCL  MOUNTED       ORCL      PHYSICAL STANDBY


LETS CONFIRM THE DB_ROLE BY QUERYING STANDBY DATABASE

SQL> select name,open_mode,db_unique_name ,DATABASE_ROLE from v$database;

NAME  OPEN_MODE       DB_UNIQUE_NAME      DATABASE_ROLE
--------- -------------------- ------------------------------ ----------------
ORCL  READ WRITE       ORCLSTB1      PRIMARY

srvctls status cmds for ORACLE RAC database

LINK FOR MORE INFO :

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/rac.102/b14197/srvctladmin.htm#CHDEBCFF

oracle@Linux212:[~] $ srvctl -help
Usage: srvctl <command> <object> [<options>]
    commands: enable|disable|start|stop|relocate|status|add|remove|modify|getenv|setenv|unsetenv|config|convert|upgrade
    objects: database|instance|service|nodeapps|vip|network|asm|diskgroup|listener|srvpool|server|scan|scan_listener|oc4j|home|filesystem|gns|cvu
For detailed help on each command and object and its options use:
  srvctl <command> -h or
  srvctl <command> <object> -h

----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------

CHECK STATUS OF DATABASE :

oracle@Linux212:[~] $ srvctl status database -d ORCLRAC
Instance ORCLRAC1 is running on node Linux211
Instance ORCLRAC2 is running on node Linux212

----------------------------------------------------------------------
CHECK STATUS OF NODEAPPS :

oracle@Linux212:[~] $ srvctl status nodeapps
VIP Linux211-vip is enabled
VIP Linux211-vip is running on node: Linux211
VIP Linux212-vip is enabled
VIP Linux212-vip is running on node: Linux212
Network is enabled
Network is running on node: Linux211
Network is running on node: Linux212
GSD is disabled
GSD is not running on node: Linux211
GSD is not running on node: Linux212
ONS is enabled
ONS daemon is running on node: Linux211
ONS daemon is running on node: Linux212

----------------------------------------------------------------------
CHECK STATUS OF ASM :

oracle@Linux212:[~] $ srvctl status asm
ASM is running on Linux212,Linux211

----------------------------------------------------------------------
CHECK STATUS OF INSTANCE ON NODE:

oracle@Linux212:[~] $ srvctl status instance -d ORCLRAC -n Linux211
Instance ORCLRAC1 is running on node Linux211

oracle@Linux212:[~] $ srvctl status instance -d ORCLRAC -n Linux212
Instance ORCLRAC2 is running on node Linux212
----------------------------------------------------------------------

oracle@Linux212:[~] $ srvctl status instance -d ORCLRAC -i "ORCLRAC1,ORCLRAC2" -v
Instance ORCLRAC1 is running on node Linux211. Instance status: Open.
Instance ORCLRAC2 is running on node Linux212. Instance status: Open.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Check duplicates for combination of multiple columns

If you have combination of multiple columns that you want to check duplicates. 

For example : Check duplicates for combination of

 AGE,NAME,SEX,DOB,CITY

Sql will be :

select AGE,NAME,SEX,DOB,CITY,count(1) 
from Employees 
group by AGE,NAME,SEX,DOB,CITY 
having count(1) >1;

QUERY RAC DATABASE info

QUERY INSTANCE_NAMES:

SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
ORCLRAC2

SQL> select instance_name from gv$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
ORCLRAC2
ORCLRAC1

---------------------------#################################################---------------------------------

QUERY REDO_LOG FILES:

column INST_ID format 999
column MEMBER format a60

SQL> select INST_ID,MEMBER from gv$logfile;

INST_ID MEMBER
------- ------------------------------------------------------------
      1 +REDO/ORCLRAC/redo02.log
      1 +REDO/ORCLRAC/redo01.log
      1 +REDO/ORCLRAC/redo03.log
      1 +REDO/ORCLRAC/redo04.log
      2 +REDO/ORCLRAC/redo02.log
      2 +REDO/ORCLRAC/redo01.log
      2 +REDO/ORCLRAC/redo03.log
      2 +REDO/ORCLRAC/redo04.log

---------------------------#################################################---------------------------------
QUERY DATAFILES:
     
SQL> column name format a60
SQL> select name from gv$datafile;

NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
+DATA/ORCLRAC/system01.dbf
+DATA/ORCLRAC/sysaux01.dbf
+DATA/ORCLRAC/undotbs01.dbf
+DATA/ORCLRAC/users01.dbf
+DATA/ORCLRAC/undotbs02.dbf
+DATA/ORCLRAC/system01.dbf
+DATA/ORCLRAC/sysaux01.dbf
+DATA/ORCLRAC/undotbs01.dbf
+DATA/ORCLRAC/users01.dbf
+DATA/ORCLRAC/undotbs02.dbf

10 rows selected.

---------------------------#################################################---------------------------------
QUERY CONTROL_FILES:

column INST_ID format 999
column NAME format a60

SQL> select INST_ID,NAME from gv$controlfile;

INST_ID NAME
------- ------------------------------------------------------------
      2 +DATA/ORCLRAC/control01.ctl
      2 +DATA/ORCLRAC/control02.ctl
      1 +DATA/ORCLRAC/control01.ctl
      1 +DATA/ORCLRAC/control02.ctl

AUDIT DDLS in database with trigger

-- Simple trigger to audit to audit basic schema changes :

--- CREATE TABLE TO STORE AUDIT DATA

CREATE TABLE DDL_AUDIT_LOG
(
  STAMP DATE
, USERNAME VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
, OSUSER VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
, MACHINE VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
, TERMINAL VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
, OPERATION VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
, OBJTYPE VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
, OBJNAME VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
, OBJ_OWNER VARCHAR2(30 BYTE)
) TABLESPACE USERS ;

-- NOW CREATE TRIGGER TO AUDIT CHANGES

ALTER TRIGGER AUDIT_DDL_CHANGES DISABLECREATE TRIGGER AUDIT_DDL_CHANGES
   AFTER create OR drop OR alter
      ON ATOORPU.SCHEMA  -- Change SCOTT to your schema name!!!
      -- ON DATABASE
BEGIN
  INSERT INTO ddl_audit_log VALUES
        (SYSDATE,
         SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_USER'),
         SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'OS_USER'),
         SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'HOST'),
         SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'TERMINAL'),
         ORA_SYSEVENT,
         ORA_DICT_OBJ_TYPE,
         ORA_DICT_OBJ_NAME,
         ORA_DICT_OBJ_OWNER
        );
END;

Sample output :

Sample Audit Table Output

Generate sql file from datapump export

Most of the legacy mode options will work in the data pump with its corresponding options. In legacy mode (imp utility) we have show=y option to spool the content of the dump file into sql scripts without doing the actual import. The same command can be used in data pump impdp also but it will get replaced with sqlfile option.



oracle@Linux01:[/u01/app/oracle/dpump] $ expdp atoorpu directory=DPUMP dumpfile=test1.dmp logfile=test1.log tables=TEST

Export: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Feb 3 15:22:00 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "ATOORPU"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":  atoorpu/******** directory=DPUMP dumpfile=test1.dmp logfile=test1.log tables=TEST
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
. . exported "ATOORPU"."TEST"                            5.875 KB       5 rows
Master table "ATOORPU"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for ATOORPU.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:
  /u01/app/oracle/dpump/test1.dmp
Job "ATOORPU"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at Wed Feb 3 15:22:13 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:07

oracle@Linux01:[/u01/app/oracle/dpump] $ ls -ll test1.dmp
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 114688 Feb  3 15:22 test1.dmp
oracle@Linux01:[/u01/app/oracle/dpump] $ impdp atoorpu directory=DPUMP dumpfile=test1.dmp sqlfile=TEST1.sql

Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Feb 3 15:22:35 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Master table "ATOORPU"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "ATOORPU"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01":  atoorpu/******** directory=DPUMP dumpfile=test1.dmp sqlfile=TEST1.sql
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Job "ATOORPU"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" successfully completed at Wed Feb 3 15:22:42 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:01

oracle@Linux01:[/u01/app/oracle/dpump] $ ls -ltr
-rw-rw-r--. 1 atoorpu atoorpu      18870 Feb  3 09:38 test.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle  oinstall      1325 Feb  3 15:22 test1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle  oinstall    114688 Feb  3 15:22 test1.dmp
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle  oinstall      3800 Feb  3 15:22 TEST1.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 oracle  oinstall       933 Feb  3 15:22 import.log

If you try to use SHOW=Y you wil see below message in the output.

oracle@Linux01:[/u01/app/oracle/dpump] $ impdp atoorpu dumpfile=test1.dmp SHOW=Y

Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Feb 3 15:17:27 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Legacy Mode Active due to the following parameters:
Legacy Mode Parameter: "show=TRUE" Location: Command Line, Replaced with: "sqlfile=test1.sql"
Legacy Mode has set nologfile=true parameter.